In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove kidney stones that are too large or cause severe pain. However, there are non-surgical options available, such as shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which can be discussed with your doctor.

Yes, there are measures you can take to prevent the recurrence of kidney stones. These may include drinking plenty of water, reducing sodium intake, avoiding high-oxalate foods, and taking medications prescribed by your doctor.

In some cases, kidney stones can damage the kidneys if they are not treated promptly. For example, if a kidney stone blocks the urinary tract, it can lead to infection, inflammation, and even kidney failure. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of kidney stones.

Dialysis is typically required when the kidneys are no longer able to function properly and cannot remove waste and excess fluid from the body. This may be due to various conditions, such as chronic kidney disease, diabetes, or high blood pressure.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease, where the kidneys have lost most of their function and cannot sustain life on their own. At this stage, dialysis or kidney transplant becomes necessary to maintain the patient’s health and quality of life.